BLDC (also known as a BLDC motor or BL motor) is short for brushless direct current motor. It has major components such as a permanent magnet rotor, a poly-phase armature winding on the stator, and a hall sensor. The operation of BLDC is based on a simple force of interaction between the permanent magnet and electromagnet which can also be explained from Lorentz Law.

We can understand the workings of the BLDC motor with the help of a diagram. Current is passed through coils A and D to make the coil energetic with the North and South Pole respectively while other coils are not active. Energetic coils develop a force of interaction between the permanent magnet rotor and electromagnetic coil to rotate the rotor in an anticlockwise direction. Now, the A & D coils will get inactive along with B & E and C & F will get energetic with the North & South Pole respectively to continue the motion of the rotor. Activation and deactivation of the coil are sensed and controlled by the Hall sensor.
rotation rotor schematic diagram of brushless dc motor
Advantages of BLDC Motor
  1. Accurate torque and speed control provide higher efficiency and low power consumption. 
  2. The high torque and weight ratio make it suitable for robotics, space, and medicine applications where size is constrained.
  3. A number of electromagnet coils can be used on the stator for more precise control of the operation.
  4. Better performance and efficiency as compared to brushed DC motors due to the involvement of electronic control over the speed and position of the motor. BLDC motor life span is approximately 6 times higher than brushed DC motor.
  5. Easy to maintain, the MTBF of the motor is higher compared to the general DC motor, which makes the BLDC motor more efficient and reliable.
  6. Mechanical energy loss due to friction can be eliminated in BLDC motors due to the absence of carbon brushes.
  7. Low operating noise as compared to other motors of the same ratings and avoiding the use of brush contact in BLDC.
  8. No spark due to the commutator in the BLDC motor leads to minimizing the burnout issue and it is more eco-friendly and safe to use.
  9. Low no-load current makes it suitable to operate at low or no-load current. 
  10. No heating issue resulting from the absence of an electromagnet in the center of the BLDC motor.

Peaco Support offers a wide range of brushless motors to choose from for your application including square & round inner rotor BLDC motors, flat outer rotor BLDC motors, and high torque brushless DC motors. Square size frame ranges from 42*42mm, 60*60mm to 110*110mm, and round inner rotor BLDC ranges from 22mm, 28mm to 57mm. What's more, the matching gearbox, encoders, brakes, and connectors can be added for your complete application. For more details, you can visit brushless DC motors.

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